This talk will have two parts. In the first part, we will survey the current situation with regard to programming models for scalable parallel computers, identifying some important research needed in this area. In the second, we will present the Asynchronous Dynamic Load Balancing library (ADLB), a package that is being used to present a much simpler programming model than message passing while allowing applications to scale to (at least) tens of thousands of processors. It is being used on Intrepid for Argonne's GFMC nuclear physics code, an INCITE award winner, but is likely to be useful for other applications as well.